Condylomata are among the most common sexually transmitted diseases, especially during the summer months when there is an increase in sexual activity. This increase is often due to the relaxation of vacations, alcohol consumption, and the exchange of sexual partners without protection, resulting in easier transmission of HPV (human papillomavirus).
HPV is a family of viruses that includes over 150 different strains, some of which are responsible for the development of condylomata. It is estimated that 50-70% of sexually active men and women will be infected with the HPV virus at some point in their lives. However, only a small percentage will develop visible condylomata, as the immune system can often fight off the virus.
The main route of transmission of HPV is sexual contact. Risk factors include:
Condylomata can appear from 1 to 10 months after initial infection. Although some people may carry the virus without symptoms, stress, poor diet, and alcohol consumption can lower the body's defenses and allow the appearance of condylomata.
Condylomata appear as small, pinkish or skin-colored bumps, usually without symptoms. Over time, they may grow and merge with each other, forming irregular surfaces that are palpable by touch. They are mainly found in the genital area, the anus, and the area around the anus, but can also appear in the oral cavity.
Diagnosis of external condylomata is performed by a specialist doctor, such as a dermatologist or a sexologist, through visual examination or the use of a magnifying lens. Cervical screening is done with a PAP Test and colposcopy, while for the anus, proctoscopy is used. If there are external condylomata, screening with an HPV Test is the safest method for diagnosing possible infection.
The best prevention method is the use of condoms during every sexual contact. However, condoms do not provide complete protection, as areas of the skin not covered can be infected by the virus. Other preventive measures include:
Treatment of condylomata includes several options, such as:
CO2 Laser Treatment is considered the most modern method, as it allows the removal of condylomata without causing scars or damage to the surrounding healthy skin.
It is essential, alongside treatment, to check the sexual partner to reduce the risk of recurrence.
