Vitamin B12

Cobalamin (also known as vitamin B12) is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin essential for many enzymatic reactions in the body.

The role of cobalamin in the body

Cobalamin contributes to normal energy metabolism, normal nervous system function, normal homocysteine metabolism, normal psychological function, normal red blood cell formation, normal immune system function, the reduction of fatigue and tiredness, and cell division. These are the authorized health claims under Regulation (EC) 1924/2006.

Sources of cobalamin in the diet

Dairy products, meat (liver, chicken), seafood (mackerel, tuna, herring) are good sources. Cobalamin is found almost exclusively in animal foods, which is why vegans or those on strict vegetarian diets are at increased risk of deficiency.

Cobalamin deficiency: who is at greater risk

Cobalamin deficiency may be due to low dietary intake or absorption problems. A common cause of malabsorption is the loss of the gastric intrinsic factor, a condition known as pernicious anemia, which requires medical diagnosis and monitoring. At-risk groups include vegans, vegetarians, the elderly (due to reduced gastric acidity), and individuals with intestinal disorders.

Symptoms of deficiency

Cobalamin deficiency may be associated with symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, pale skin, and in severe cases neurological problems or megaloblastic anemia. Persistent or severe symptoms always require medical evaluation and a blood test, as deficiency can cause serious, potentially irreversible neurological damage if left untreated.

Forms of cobalamin supplements

Available in capsules, tablets, chewable tablets, sublingual spray, and injectable form (prescription only for severe deficiencies).

Frequently asked questions

Do I need a cobalamin supplement if I am vegan?

Likely, as cobalamin is found almost exclusively in animal foods. Consult a doctor or nutritionist.

When should I take the cobalamin supplement?

Usually after a meal, depending on product instructions.

How do I check if I have a cobalamin deficiency?

With a blood test recommended by your doctor.

Is excessive cobalamin intake dangerous?

It is water-soluble and not significantly stored in the body, but always follow the recommended dosage.

Why are the elderly at increased risk of deficiency?

Due to reduced gastric acid production with age, which affects the absorption of cobalamin from food.

* Health claims authorized under Regulation (EC) 1924/2006.